The International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds

 

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The International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds, Vol. 2, No. 2, 60-68 (2003)
DOI: 10.1177/1534734603256155

Cutaneous Wound Healing: Myofibroblastic Differentiation and in Vitro Models

Thaís Porto Amadeu, MSc

Histology and Embryology Department, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Bernard Coulomb, PhD

INSERM 532—Institut de Recherche sur la Peau, Pavillon Bazin—Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France

Alexis Desmouliere, PhD

GREF, INSERM E0362, Victor Segalen University, Bordeaux, France

Andréa Monte Alto Costa, PhD

Histology and Embryology Department, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, amacosta{at}uerj.br

Wound healing is an interactive, dynamic 3-phased process. During the formation of granulation tissue, many fibroblastic cells acquire some morphological and biochemical smooth muscle features and are called myofibroblasts. Myofibroblasts participate in both granulation tissue formation and remodeling phases. Excessive scarring, which is a feature of impaired healing, is a serious health problem that may affect the patient's quality of life. The treatment costs of such lesions are high, and often, the results are unsatisfactory. To understand the wound healing process better and to promote improvement in human healing, models are needed that can predict the in vivo situation in humans. In vitro models allow the study of cell behavior in a controlled environment. Such modeling partitions and reduces to small scales behavior perceived in vivo. This article is focused on `fibroblasts.' In vitro models to study wound healing, the role of (myo)fibroblasts, and skin reconstruction in tissue replacement and promotion of wound healing are discussed.

Key Words: fibroblast • myofibroblasts • cell culture • wound healing


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