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The International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds
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Wound Fluids: A Window Into the Wound Environment?

Dorne R. Yager, PhD

Department of Surgery, Viginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, Department of Physiology, Virginia Commonweath University Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, dyager{at}vcu.edu

Robert A. Kulina, MS

Department of Surgery, Viginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia

Laura A. Gilman, MS

Department of Surgery, Viginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia

Wound healing of the skin is a complex biologic process involving temporal interactions between numerous types of cells, extracellular matrix molecules, and soluble factors. The process of repair can be viewed as involving 3 or 4 phases: homeostasis, inflammation, synthesis, and remodeling. These phases occur at different times and differ in their cellular, biochemical, and physiologic requirements. Disruption of one or more of these interactions can significantly interfere with the repair process. Such comorbidities as age, nutrition, immune status, and underlying disease status (eg, diabetes or venous stasis) contribute additional intricacy to the repair process. Because of this complexity, care of chronic wounds remains highly individualized, and it should not come as a surprise that treatment of these wounds as a group with single target therapies have met with only modest success. A major hurdle in the progression toward improved treatment regimens has been the lack of objective biochemical and physiological landmarks that can be used to assess wound status. Collection and biochemical characterization of wound fluids presents the opportunity to noninvasively obtain information reflecting the status of the wound and of specific biomarkers. This review discusses the collection of wound fluid and highlights biomarkers that may be useful to this end.

Key Words: wound fluid • chronic wound • biomarkers

The International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds, Vol. 6, No. 4, 262-272 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/1534734607307035
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